The same thing can have a different name from country to country, and a word that's fine in one place can be rude in another.
Coger is a vulgar word for sex in Mexico, Argentina and parts of Central America.
Bicho is vulgar in Puerto Rico.
Concha is vulgar slang in Argentina, Uruguay, Chile and Peru, so say caracol there.
It's usually traced to mula (mule) and comes from colonial racial categories, which is why many people find it offensive. Some people in the Caribbean use it neutrally or for themselves. Don't use it for someone else unless you know they're fine with it.
In much of Latin America, indio has been used to call someone uneducated or backward, so it can really sting. Say indígena. In the Dominican Republic it has long described skin color, and usually isn't meant as an insult.
Between family and partners these can be terms of endearment, whatever the person's color. Said by a stranger or a foreigner, they can land very differently. Understand them when you hear them, and don't copy them.
People may call a partner or child gordita with real affection, whatever their size. That doesn't carry over to strangers, where it comments on someone's body.
People of any East Asian background often get called chino. It's not always meant badly, but many find it dismissive, so use the person's actual nationality or asiático. In Mexico, chino also means curly-haired.
In Mexico it can mean right now or in a while. In the Caribbean it often means later, sometimes much later, so ask if timing matters.
In the Caribbean, plátano often means plantain, the larger cooking variety.
Use fruta bomba in Cuba. Papaya is vulgar slang there.
Dinero is correct everywhere. These are informal.